Distant stage melanoma incidence among US adult women.

Abstract

e21555 Background: To examine trends in distant stage melanoma incidence among U.S. women. Methods: Demographic and clinical data were obtained from the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) Database from 2001-2019. SEER*Stat 8.3.9.2 and Joinpoint regression program 4.9.0.0 were used to calculate cancer incidences and trends per 100,000. Average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to describe trends. Age-adjusted incidences were adjusted by the U.S. 2000 standard population. Results: From 2001-2019, 543,051 women were diagnosed with distant stage melanoma. Over this period, incidence rose from 0.37 to 0.59/100,000 with an increasing annual rate of 2.58% per year (p < 0.0001). In 2019, non-Hispanic White women had disproportionately higher incidence rates at 0.76/100,000 compared to Hispanic (0.26/100,000), non-Hispanic Black (0.17/100,000), and non-Hispanic Asian (0.08/100,000) women. Regarding race, the largest increase in distant melanoma incidence was observed in White women with an average annual increase of 2.92% (p < 0.0001). Among age groups, incidence was highest among those aged ≥45 (1.54/100,000) and 40-44 (0.53/100,000) years. However, the largest increases in distant melanoma incidence were found among 30-34-year-olds at a rate of 3.91% per year (p = 0.004) and 40-44-year-olds at 2.78% per year (p = 0.003). When examined by race and age, annual incidence rates were highest among White women aged 40-44 years at 3.68% per year (p < 0.0001). Regarding U.S. state, incidence was highest in Florida (1.34/100,000), West Virginia (1.32/100,000), and Oklahoma (1.20/100,000). The largest annual increases in distant melanoma incidence rates were observed in Nebraska at 8.63% (p = 0.001), Kentucky at 6.18% (p < 0.0001), and West Virginia at 6.06% (p = 0.001). When performing an intersection analysis of race, age, and U.S. stage, White women living in Nebraska aged ≥45 had the largest increase in distant melanoma at a rate of 8.12% annually (p = 0.004). In 2019, White women in Utah had the highest incidence of distant melanoma at 3.45/100,000. Conclusions: Distant stage melanoma is disproportionally increasing among adult women aged 30-44 years, especially among White populations. Further studies are warranted to understand the environmental and socioeconomic implications behind these trends.