Abstract
Time reversal (TR), which leads various multipath signals to focus spatiotemporally on arbitrarily complex propagation environments, can resist signal multipath delay and attenuation which is caused by inhomogeneous complex environments. In this paper, the windowed time reversal (WTR) method for distance measurement between the wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes is proposed based on TR. In the WTR, the main lobe of the channel response is captured by a window. WTR not only takes advantage of the spatiotemporal focus features of TR, but also compensates the multipath effect to eliminate various factors from the environment. WTR can recover the favorable symmetry of the main lobe of channel response, thereby accurately measuring the times-of-arrival (TOA) of the electromagnetic wave and distance between WSN nodes. By analyzing the characteristics of the time reversal operator, the theoretical basis of the WTR is given in this paper. An algorithm for node distance measurement with WTR in indoor environments is described and a large number of simulations with various environments are carried out. The errors for the proposed WTR have been analyzed. Simulation results show that ranging errors by WTR are less than 1% no matter how many obstacles are in the indoor environment.
Highlights
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a class of distributed computing and communication system that transmit information through an electromagnetic field [1]
Time reversal (TR) technology in the electromagnetic fields where they can realize the electromagnetic wave synchronously focusing on space and time, and TR was gradually applied in wireless communication [21], underwater communication [22], ultra-wideband (UWB) communications [23], nondestructive inspection [24], target imaging [25], WSN node localization [26], structural health monitoring [27, 28], beam forming, [29] and so on
We proposed the windowed time reversal (WTR) method which adopts the ability of focusing, while the focusing time is the time of arrival (TOA)
Summary
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a class of distributed computing and communication system that transmit information through an electromagnetic field [1]. The localization accuracy of a node in a complex indoor electromagnetic environment, which has strong multipath effects, is directly determined by the measurement methods. If TR technique is used for the indoor node localization in WSN, it can overcome the multipath effect and improve accuracy of localization in a complex environment, which can provide technical support for the high precision of node localization. TR technology in the electromagnetic fields where they can realize the electromagnetic wave synchronously focusing on space and time, and TR was gradually applied in wireless communication [21], underwater communication [22], ultra-wideband (UWB) communications [23], nondestructive inspection [24], target imaging [25], WSN node localization [26], structural health monitoring [27, 28], beam forming, [29] and so on. Simulation results show that ranging error is less than 1% when nodes are line-of-sight (LOS) with each other indoors
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