Abstract
The set definition of distal cholangiocarcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the pancreatic head is challenged by their close anatomical relation, similar growth pattern, and corresponding therapeutic outcome. They show a mutual development during embryologic organ formation and share phenotypic characteristics. This review will highlight the similarities with regard to the common origin of their primary organs, histopathological similarities, and modern clinical management. Thus, we propose to subsume those entities under a common superfamily.
Highlights
The defining feature of a tumor has hitherto been its organ of origin, determining the treatment strategy that is most beneficial for patients suffering from a malignant disease
The set definition of distal cholangiocarcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the pancreatic head is challenged by their close anatomical relation, similar growth pattern, and corresponding therapeutic outcome
It follows from this concept that carcinomas of the distal bile duct and ductal adenocarcinomas of the pancreas (PDAC) are defined as two independent tumor entities
Summary
The defining feature of a tumor has hitherto been its organ of origin, determining the treatment strategy that is most beneficial for patients suffering from a malignant disease. It follows from this concept that carcinomas of the distal bile duct (dCC) and ductal adenocarcinomas of the pancreas (PDAC) are defined as two independent tumor entities. The intertwined anatomy of the proximal pancreatic duct and the distal bile duct (pervading the pancreatic head) gives ample reason to believe that both structures share more common features than previously believed Both organs developed along similar embryological paths, and share numerous phenotypic characteristics. The objective of this review is to define the common features as well as certain differences between these tumor entities, with regard to the embryonical development of the organ of origin, their diagnostic discrimination, histopathological and molecular similarities, and surgical and oncological treatment
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