Dissociable effects of focal inhibition and excitation of primary motor cortex on functional connectivity within the motor network

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Dissociable effects of focal inhibition and excitation of primary motor cortex on functional connectivity within the motor network Luke Hearne1*, Luca Cocchi1, Martin V. Sale1, Andrew Zalesky2, Amy Taylor1 and Jason B. Mattingley1 1 University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Australia 2 The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Australia The excitability of the human motor cortex can be altered by various forms of non-invasive brain stimulation. However, the influence that these local changes in cortical excitability have on functional connectivity among remote (but functionally related) brain regions is poorly understood. To this end, the current study used excitatory and inhibitory transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to induce temporary changes in motor cortex excitability, and evaluated the effect of this change in cortical excitability on functional brain connectivity at rest using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The efficiency of the TMS modulation was assessed by measuring muscle evoked potentials in the hand (the cortical region of which was targeted with TMS) before and after TMS. Imaging results indicated defined changes in intra- and inter-regional functional connectivity throughout the sensory-motor network. The direction of changes in functional connectivity were related to the type of stimulation used, such that inhibitory stimulation decreased functional connectivity and excitatory stimulation increased functional connectivity. Results also suggested that highly interconnected neural hubs in the posterior midline of the brain extended changes in functional connectivity outside the sensory-motor network. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that local changes in cortical activity affect connectivity in large-scale brain networks. This conclusion has wide ranging implications, from the conceptualisation of human neuroplasticity to the application of TMS in clinical neuro-rehabilitation. Keywords: plasticity, functional connectivity, connectome, fMRI, TMS Conference: ACNS-2012 Australasian Cognitive Neuroscience Conference, Brisbane, Australia, 29 Nov - 2 Dec, 2012. Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Topic: Motor Citation: Hearne L, Cocchi L, Sale MV, Zalesky A, Taylor A and Mattingley JB (2012). Dissociable effects of focal inhibition and excitation of primary motor cortex on functional connectivity within the motor network. Conference Abstract: ACNS-2012 Australasian Cognitive Neuroscience Conference. doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2012.208.00043 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 09 Nov 2012; Published Online: 07 Nov 2012. * Correspondence: Mr. Luke Hearne, University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, St Lucia, Queensland, 4067, Australia, luke.hearne@uqconnect.edu.au Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Luke Hearne Luca Cocchi Martin V Sale Andrew Zalesky Amy Taylor Jason B Mattingley Google Luke Hearne Luca Cocchi Martin V Sale Andrew Zalesky Amy Taylor Jason B Mattingley Google Scholar Luke Hearne Luca Cocchi Martin V Sale Andrew Zalesky Amy Taylor Jason B Mattingley PubMed Luke Hearne Luca Cocchi Martin V Sale Andrew Zalesky Amy Taylor Jason B Mattingley Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.