Abstract
The dissipation behaviors of acetamiprid and chlorantraniliprole in kimchi cabbages were studied under open-field conditions. A simple and rapid analytical method was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) conditions of two pesticides were optimized to quantify and identify the pesticide residues. Sample preparation was performed by the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method. Average recovery rates at the different spiked levels (0.05 and 0.25 mg/kg) were in the range of 103.6–113.9% (acetamiprid) and 80.8–91.2% (chlorantraniliprole), and the relative standard deviations were ≤4.3% for all. The dissipation kinetics were assessed using first-order equations after spraying acetamiprid and chlorantraniliprole individually on kimchi cabbages. The biological half-lives in field 1 and 2 were 5.2 and 6.3 days (acetamiprid) and 10.0 and 15.2 days (chlorantraniliprole), respectively. Based on the dissipation equations, the pre-harvest residue limits (PHRLs) corresponding to each day before harvest were suggested as the guidelines to meet the MRL on harvest day. It was also predicted that the terminal residues observed after multiple sprayings (three and seven days) would be below the MRL when harvested, in compliance with the established pre-harvest intervals.
Highlights
Pesticides are chemical substances that are widely used to protect crops against various pests and diseases
The overall aims of this study were: (1) To investigate the dissipation pattern of acetamiprid and chlorantraniliprole by degradation kinetics during the cultivation of kimchi cabbage, (2) to propose a pre-harvest residue limits during cultivation based on the biological half-lives, and (3) to estimate the final residue level based on the directions for using the pesticides
We investigated the dissipation patterns of acetamiprid and chlorantraniliprole residues in an open-field system for kimchi cabbage cultivation
Summary
Pesticides are chemical substances that are widely used to protect crops against various pests and diseases. The use of pesticides during cultivation has improved the quality of agricultural products and enabled economic farming [1,2]. From the moment that agricultural products are harvested, the pesticide residue levels are thoroughly monitored by regulatory authorities as to whether they meet the MRL. Over-limit agricultural products are mostly discarded before they are consumed, which causes both significant economic losses and unintentional costs for disposal. To prevent such losses, a pre-harvest residue limit (PHRL) has been set to assess the safety of pesticide residues during crop cultivation by the Ministry of Molecules 2019, 24, 2616; doi:10.3390/molecules24142616 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules
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