Abstract
In order to ensure raw consumption safety the dissipation behavior, migration, postharvest processing, and dietary risk assessment of five pyrethroids in mushroom (Auricularia polytricha Mont.) cultivated under Chinese greenhouse-field conditions. Half-lives (t1/2) of pyrethroids in fruiting body and substrate samples were 3.10–5.26 and 17.46–40.06 d, respectively. Fenpropathrin dissipated rapidly in fruiting bodies (t1/2 3.10 d); bifenthrin had the longest t1/2. At harvest, pyrethroid residues in A. polytricha (except fenpropathrin) were above the respective maximum residue limits (MRLs). Some migration of lambda-cyhalothrin was observed in the substrate-fruit body system. In postharvest-processing, sun-drying and soaking reduced pyrethroid residues by 25–83%. We therefore recommend that consumers soak these mushrooms in 0.5% NaHCO3 at 50 °C for 90 min. Pyrethroids exhibit a particularly low PF value of 0.08–0.13%, resulting in a negligible exposure risk upon mushroom consumption. This study provides guidance for the safe application of pyrethroids to edible fungi, and for the establishment of MRLs in mushrooms to reduce pesticide exposure in humans.
Highlights
With a delicate flavor and texture, as well as a high content of trace minerals, Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc., known as wood ear, is one of the most popular edible mushrooms
This study shows that significant pesticide residue was detected in A. polytricha under the designed experiment, outside the acceptable residual level limits
Considering the accumulation of lambda-cyhalothrin in fruiting bodies, which was over 0.02 mg·kg−1, we do not recommend the use of lambda-cyhalothrin in mushrooms
Summary
With a delicate flavor and texture, as well as a high content of trace minerals, Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc., known as wood ear, is one of the most popular edible mushrooms. It has a characteristic flavor and several known biological activities, including antioxidant, antitumor, anti-dementia, and hypocholesterolemic effects [1]. Little information is available on the behavior of pyrethroids in A. polytricha under cultivation conditions, especially in the migration and accumulation of pyrethroids in substrate-fruit body systems. Comprehensive knowledge of the fate of pyrethroids in the dry-storage-soak process is necessary to properly evaluate the human exposure from these pesticides. This study may be helpful for establishing a rationale for pyrethroids MRLs in A. polytricha and provide relevant and useful data on the proper and safe use of pyrethroids
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