Abstract
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a malignant myeloid stem cell disease accompanied by dysplasia in the context of myeloproliferative disease. Peripheral cytopenias (mainly anemia and thrombocytopenia) and hepatosplenomegaly are common findings. Dramatic leukocytosis can also be seen without transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In some cases, this is associated with leukostasis and end organ damage. Splenomegaly is present in up to 25% of patients and is often accompanied by hepatomegaly, lymphadenopathy, or nodular cutaneous leukemic infiltrates. The acquired cogulation defect may be due to factor X binding to atypical monocytes, resulting in acquired factor X deficiency. We would like to highlight the challenging diagnosis and treatment of CMML.
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