Abstract
The current evidence suggests that the incidence of port-site metastases after laparoscopic surgery for colon and rectal cancer does not seem to be different from that seen after open procedures, a concept brought forward both in the previous chapter as well as this one. The levels of clinical evidence are primarily levels 2 and 3, with many animal studies supporting these clinical studies. These data also suggest that tumor cell dissemination after laparoscopic and open procedures may occur by a similar underlying mechanism, and that there are few data to support the early concerns that some type of unique tumor-disseminating mechanism exists for laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery compared with conventional or open techniques. The pathogenesis behind this phenomenon of tumor dissemination during surgery has been studied in a number of clinical and experimental models, although its etiology still remains uncertain.
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