Abstract
Telomeres safeguard the genome by suppressing illicit DNA damage responses at chromosome termini. To compensate for incomplete DNA replication at telomeres, most continually dividing cells express the telomerase ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. Telomerase maintains telomere length by synthesizing short DNA repeats using an internal telomerase RNA (TR) template. The catalytic activity of telomerase is a key stimulator of human cancers, while conversely, telomerase deficiency is a root cause of ‘telomeropathies', a spectrum of genetic diseases arising from extreme telomere shortening.
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