Abstract
Recombination is a vital characteristic for quantitative trait loci mapping and breeding to enhance the yield potential of maize. However, recombination characteristics in globally used segregating populations have never been evaluated at similar genetic marker densities. This study aimed to divulge the characteristics of recombination events, recombinant chromosomal segments, and recombination frequency for four dissimilar populations. These populations were doubled haploid (DH), recombination inbred line (RIL), intermated B73xMo17 (IBM), and multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC), using the Illumina MaizeSNP50 BeadChip to provide markers. Our results revealed that the average number of recombination events was 16, 41, 72, and 86 per line in DH, RIL, IBM, and MAGIC populations, respectively. Accordingly, the average length of recombinant chromosomal segments was 84.8, 47.3, 29.2, and 20.4 Mb in DH, RIL, IBM, and MAGIC populations, respectively. Furtherly, the recombination frequency varied in different genomic regions and population types [DH (0–12.7 cM/Mb), RIL (0–15.5 cM/Mb), IBM (0–24.1 cM/Mb), MAGIC (0–42.3 cM/Mb)]. Utilizing different sub-sets of lines, the recombination bin number and size were analyzed in each population. Additionally, different sub-sets of markers and lines were employed to estimate the recombination bin number and size via formulas for relationship in these populations. The relationship between recombination events and recombination bin length was also examined. Our results contribute to determining the most suitable number of genetic markers, lines in each population, and population type for successful mapping and breeding.
Highlights
During the processes of synapsis and crossing-over new combination of alleles occurs by reciprocal exchanges of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were polymorphic within doubled haploid (DH), recombination inbred line (RIL), intermated B73xMo17 (IBM), and multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population(s), respectively (Supplementary Table S1)
The greatest number of recombination events was observed in the RIL population (87,277), followed by the DH (34,741), MAGIC (26,058), and IBM (17,264; Table 1), these values are confounded by large differences in population size
Summary
During the processes of synapsis and crossing-over new combination of alleles occurs by reciprocal exchanges of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. Recombination Attributes for Multiple Maize Populations is of great importance to crop improvement by breeding, and facilitates gene mapping and utilization of new techniques to accelerate breeding progress (Kromdijk et al, 2014). Recombination is one of several bottlenecks that need to be addressed in a successful, target-oriented breeding program. Comparison of the recombination characteristics of different types of population to guide the process of QTL mapping has been studied little. This study was performed to facilitate future breeding programs, mapping target QTLS/genes at minimal cost and by the easiest method
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