Abstract
Experimentally, the CLC-ec1 chloride/proton antiporter forms stable dimers in 2:1 POPE/POPG bilayers with a dissociation constant of 2 subunits per 100 million lipids. Dimerization involves association of two large non-polar interfaces that are driven together, by the energetic gain that results from avoiding a thinned-membrane defect exclusive to the monomeric state. Previous experiments demonstrated that substitutions of tryptophans on the dimerization interface (I201W/I422W) shift the equilibrium to the monomeric state without impacting fold or function.
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