Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg), a component of adaptive immunity, are well known for their immunosuppressive roles and their ability to maintain the balance between the immunological and pathological reactions. Treg have been shown to provide protective responses and their depletion has resulted severe pathology in some pathogen infections. The work presented here has unravelled the potential of regulatory cells in the immune system including different repertoir of Treg cell subsets, markers to distinguish them, Treg suppression mechanisms in the pathogenesis of various infections and summarize different mouse models depleting Tregs. These findings would help set up future avenues of research to elucidate a key mechanism of action of these cells and provide new therapeutic insights for pathogenesis and also for broader antibacterial/antiviral/antiproliferative immunity.
Highlights
A hallmark of the immune system is to maintain a harmonious balance and selection among its different components
The work presented here has unravelled the potential of regulatory cells in the immune system including different repertoir of Treg cell subsets, markers to distinguish them, Treg suppression mechanisms in the pathogenesis of various infections and summarize different mouse models depleting Tregs
Treg are well known for their immunosuppressive role of varying immune cells including non-Treg CD4+ T cells [37], CD8+ T cells [38], dendritic cells (DC) [39], B cells [40], Th17 cells [41], natural killer (NK) cells [42], macrophages [43] and mast cells [44] which are activated in response to pathogen (Figure 1)
Summary
A hallmark of the immune system is to maintain a harmonious balance and selection among its different components. Treg are currently thoroughly investigated for their key role in the maintenance of balance between the immunological and pathological reactions over the body [3] [4] They are crucial for the retainment of self-tolerance and the control of immune responses against pathogenic organisms, tumour antigens as well as allergens [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]. An increasing number of markers have been identified that express constitutively on Treg These include: cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor family related protein (GITR); TNFRSF18 (GITR), CD39, HLA-DR, CD45RA, OX40, CD127lo, and CD73 [12]-[17].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
