Abstract
Objective: This study used the regional homogeneity (ReHo) technique to explore whether spontaneous brain activity is altered in patients with iridocyclitis.Methods: Twenty-six patients with iridocyclitis (14 men and 12 women) and 26 healthy volunteers (15 men and 11 women) matched for sex and age were enrolled in this study. The ReHo technique was used to comprehensively assess changes in whole-brain synchronous neuronal activity. The diagnostic ability of the ReHo method was evaluated by means of receive operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Moreover, associations of average ReHo values in different brain areas and clinical characteristics were analyzed using correlation analysis.Result: Compared with healthy volunteers, reduced ReHo values were observed in patients with iridocyclitis in the following brain regions: the right inferior occipital gyrus, bilateral calcarine, right middle temporal gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, left superior occipital gyrus, and left precuneus. In contrast, ReHo values were significantly enhanced in the right cerebellum, left putamen, left supplementary motor area, and left inferior frontal gyrus in patients with iridocyclitis, compared with healthy volunteers (false discovery rate correction, P < 0.05).Conclusion: Patients with iridocyclitis exhibited disturbed synchronous neural activities in specific brain areas, including the visual, motor, and somatosensory regions, as well as the default mode network. These findings offer a novel image-guided research strategy that might aid in exploration of neuropathological or compensatory mechanisms in patients with iridocyclitis.
Highlights
Uveitis is the most common type of inflammatory ophthalmological disease and has been estimated to cause up to 10% of legal blindness in the USA [1]
Significantly decreased Regional homogeneity (ReHo) value was observed in the patients of iridocyclitis in the following brain regions: the right inferior occipital gyrus, the right middle temporal gyrus, the bilateral calcarine, the right postcentral gyrus, the left superior occipital gyrus, and the left precuneus [false discovery rate (FDR) correction, P < 0.05; Figure 3]
It was observed that the ReHo value was significantly enhanced in the right cerebellum, the left putamen, the left supplementary motor area, and the left inferior frontal gyrus in patients with iridocyclitis compared with healthy volunteers [FDR correction, P < 0.05; Figure 3]
Summary
Uveitis is the most common type of inflammatory ophthalmological disease and has been estimated to cause up to 10% of legal blindness in the USA [1]. Iridocyclitis is an acute inflammation of the iris and ciliary body; this is the most common pattern of uveitis, which is present in 85% of affected patients. A range of complications such as secondary glaucoma, high intraocular pressure, cystoid macular edema, and posterior synechiae often occur, especially in patients with HLA-B27 [4]. Visual acuity can decrease temporarily or permanently because of the underlying inflammatory process or ocular complications of iridocyclitis. A variety of patients with noninfectious iridocyclitis exhibit immune-mediated diseases [5], such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS), interstitial nephritis, and sarcoidosis. Elucidation of the underlying etiology may be challenging, because there is considerable variability in these mechanisms (e.g., from infectious to autoimmune diseases); this elucidation remains important, especially for patients with recurrent iridocyclitis
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