Abstract
Background Disrespect and abuse are recognized for the restricting impact of women from seeking maternal care, psychological humiliations, grievances, and unspoken sufferings on women during childbirth. Individual primary studies are limited in explaining of extent of disrespect and abusive care. Hence, this review considers the synthesis of comprehensive evidence on the extent, contributing factors, and consequences of disrespectful and abusive intrapartum care from the women's and providers' perspectives in Ethiopia. Methods Articles had been systematically searched from the databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, POPLINE, Google Scholar, HINARI, African Journals Online, and WHO Global Health Library. A qualitative and quantitative synthesis was performed using the Bowser and Hill landscape analytical framework. Result Twenty-two studies comprised of the 16 quantitative; 5 qualitative and one mixed studies were included. The most repeatedly dishonored right during facility-based childbirth in Ethiopia was nondignified care, and the least commonly reported abuse was detention in health facilities. These behaviors were contributed by normalization of care, lack of empowerment and education of women, weak health system, and lack of training of providers. Women subjected to disrespectful and abusive behavior distanced themselves from the use of facility-based childbirth-related services and have endured psychological humiliations. Conclusion Disrespectful and abusive care of women during childbirth is repeatedly practiced care in Ethiopia. This result specifically described the contributing factors and their effects as a barrier to the utilization of facility-based childbirth. Therefore, to overcome this alarming problem, health systems and care providers must be responsive to the specific needs of women during childbirth, and implementing policies for standard care of respectful maternity care must be compulsory. In addition, observational, qualitative, and mixed types of studies are required to provide comprehensive evidences on disrespect and abusive behavior during childbirth in Ethiopia.
Highlights
Disrespect and abuse are recognized for the restricting impact of women from seeking maternal care, psychological humiliations, grievances, and unspoken sufferings on women during childbirth
In addition to inadequate access to facility-based childbirth, low utilization of skilled birth attendance during childbirth is augmented by abusive, mistreatment, and humiliation of care providers after they reached health facilities that are jeopardized by poor quality of service [4, 11, 21] but skilled birth services are considered to be a critical stratagem in reducing maternal mortality
It is difficult to execute this ambitious plan without promoting respectful maternal care (RMC) which has been recognized as an essential component of strategies to improve utilization and quality of maternity care [3]
Summary
Disrespect and abuse are recognized for the restricting impact of women from seeking maternal care, psychological humiliations, grievances, and unspoken sufferings on women during childbirth. Disrespectful and abusive care of women during childbirth is repeatedly practiced care in Ethiopia This result described the contributing factors and their effects as a barrier to the utilization of facility-based childbirth. To overcome this alarming problem, health systems and care providers must be responsive to the specific needs of women during childbirth, and implementing policies for standard care of respectful maternity care must be compulsory. In addition to inadequate access to facility-based childbirth, low utilization of skilled birth attendance during childbirth is augmented by abusive, mistreatment, and humiliation of care providers after they reached health facilities that are jeopardized by poor quality of service [4, 11, 21] but skilled birth services are considered to be a critical stratagem in reducing maternal mortality. It is difficult to execute this ambitious plan without promoting respectful maternal care (RMC) which has been recognized as an essential component of strategies to improve utilization and quality of maternity care [3]
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