Disproportionally strong increase of B cells in inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with Steroid-responsive Meningitis-Arteritis

Abstract

Steroid-responsive Meningitis-Arteritis (SRMA) is a systemic inflammatory disease of juvenile to young adult dogs with a relapsing course and most prominent manifestation in the cervical meninges. Immunophenotyping and flow cytometric measurement of lymphocytes in peripheral blood (PB) and CSF was performed in the acute phase of SRMA ( n = 12) and during glucocorticosteroid treatment ( n = 10). Values were compared to those from dogs with other neurologic diseases ( n = 63) and healthy individuals ( n = 7). Dogs with SRMA had high CD4:CD8α ratios in PB and low T:B cell ratios in PB and CSF suggesting that a T H2-mediated immune response occurs. The T:B cell ratio in CSF was markedly lower than that in PB indicating that either a selective recruitment of B cells or, alternatively, their strong intrathecal proliferation takes place. SRMA appears to be a valuable animal model for the investigation of compartmentalization of immune responses and for studies on differences in local central nervous system and systemic immune responses.