Abstract
In this work, ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (USA-D-µSPE) technique using graphitized carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is proposed for the preconcentration of low level of lead in aqueous samples. In this method, microparticles of graphitized carbon nitride sorbent were dispersed in the samples using ultrasonic bath and Pb(II) ions were directly adsorbed on the surface of g-C3N4 particles. After adsorption and desorption of lead ions from g-C3N4 particles, the Pb concentration was determined by the inductively coupled plasma- optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The main advantages of this method are high speed, simplicity and cheapness. The effects of pH, sorbent amount, eluent type and time on the recovery of the analyte were investigated. Under the optimized conditions and preconcentration of 10 mL of sample, the detection limit of 1.24 μg L-1 was obtained. The results were validated by standard reference materials (NIST, SRM) and spiking of real samples by USA-D-µSPE procedure.
Highlights
With the development of various industries over the past decades and increasing the amount of pollutants entering the environment, the amount of heavy metals in soil and water increased [1]
We propose a simple, fast and ligandless preconcentration technique based on ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (USA-D-μSPE) using graphitic carbon nitride for the determination of lead by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry
The USA-D-μSPE procedure based on g-C3N4 as adsorbent was used for the extraction and separation of lead ions in water samples
Summary
With the development of various industries over the past decades and increasing the amount of pollutants entering the environment, the amount of heavy metals in soil and water increased [1]. We propose a simple, fast and ligandless preconcentration technique based on ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (USA-D-μSPE) using graphitic carbon nitride for the determination of lead by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. On-line extraction procedure Due to Figure 1, 6.0 mg of g-C3N4 was added to 10 mL of water sample or standard solution and sonicated by an ultrasonic bath for 5 min.
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