Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on the solidification of deep eutectic solvent for the determination of benzoylureas in environmental water samples.

Abstract

We present a novel dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on the solidification of deep eutectic solvent coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography with a variable-wavelength detection for the detection of five benzoylureas in real water samples. In this work, a green solvent consisting of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-dodecanol was used as an extraction solvent, yielding the advantages of material stability, low density, and a suitable freezing point near room temperature. Parameters that significantly affect extraction efficiency were optimized by the one-factor-at-a-time approach. Under optimal conditions, the recoveries of five target compounds were obtained ranging from 87.39 to 98.05% with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9994 to 0.9997 for pure water. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.09-0.16 μg/L. The enrichment factors were in the range of 171-188. Linearities were achieved in the range of 0.5-500 μg/L. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine benzoylureas in environmental water samples with a satisfactory recovery of approximately 81.38-97.67%.