Abstract
Discussions have been made of the electromagnetic wave propagation through optical fibers of elliptical and circular cross-sections with the loadings of conducting sheath helix at the core-clad interface with particular orientations. In both geometrical situations, the core section of fiber is assumed to be composed of chiral nihility medium, and the clad remains linear, homogeneous, isotropic, and nonmagnetic dielectric. Dispersion relations are deduced for both fiber structures, followed by the analysis of dispersion features considering a few low-order EH modes. Furthermore, the effects of conducting helix pitch angle on the features of wave propagation are also discussed.
Highlights
Chiral materials possess a unique feature of exhibiting optical activity
We focus on the dispersion characteristics of fiber structures, which are greatly governed by the pitch angle of helical windings
The aforesaid discussion is pivoted to the role of conducting sheath helix embedded in chiral nihility fibers with circular and elliptical cross-sections
Summary
Chiral materials possess a unique feature of exhibiting optical activity. Linearly polarized light upon passing through such materials splits into two circularly polarized light waves, and the medium behaves as isotropic for these [1]. Apart from this, nihility mediums exhibit the phenomenon of negative refraction/reflection Materials with such exotic features have drawn attention of many researchers as these offer potential applications in optics. Optical fibers embedded with conducting sheath helix structures at the core-clad interface allow altering the dispersion characteristics of these through properly adjusting the helix pitch angle [9,10,11,12,13]. Such helical structures have been in use in travelling wave tubes for the purpose of microwave amplification [14]. The radial Mathieu function and its modified forms are incorporated for the determination of electric/magnetic fields in elliptical case [19], and the investigations are made corresponding to a few low-order hybrid modes under the situation of two extreme values of helix pitch angle
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