Abstract
Abstract The dispersion behavior of solute molecules injected as a sample plug into an ideal laminar capillary flow was experimentally analyzed by means of microscopic and microphotometric methods. The flow pattern in small-bore glass tubes was directly observed by the microscopic method using a camera. The peak responses obtained for the colored solutes by means of the microphotometric method consist of double-humped peak features which resulted from both laminar flow convection and the molecular diffusion of solute molecules at the parabolic interface between the sample plug and the carrier fluid. The influences of the diffusion coefficient of the solute, the flow rate, the tube length, the tube diameter, etc. were mainly investigated in order to guide the design and optimization of the flow systems of capillary liquid chromatography (CLC), capillary electrophoresis (CEP), flow-injection analysis (FIA), etc. The experimental results obtained here are in good agreement with the theoretical results obtained by the numerical solution for the diffusion-convection equation.
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