Abstract
An iron powder-bed procedure used by Clayfield has been developed to investigate the dispersing performance of engine oil dispersants. The main purpose of this investigation was to find out the relationship between chemical structure and the dispersing ability of dispersants.From the results, it appeared that the dispersant additives could be divided into the following three groups:(1) Those having free amino or imino groups in the polar side chain show an excellent dispersing performance. Such compounds are derived from polyamine compounds and polybutenylsuccinic anhydride, polybutenyl (thio) phosphoric acid, naphthenic acid or isostearic acid.(2) Those having free hydroxy groups in the polar side chain show a fairly good dispersing performance. Such compounds are derived from polyhydroxy compounds and polybutenylsuccinic acid or naphthenic acid.(3) Those having acid anhydride group or alkaline earth metal salt group in the polar side chain show a medium dispersing performance.It was concluded that the excellent dispersing performance of polybutenylsuccinimides depends on their basic amino groups rather than their high molecular weight oleophillic groups.
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