Abstract
The application of large scale energy storage makes wind farms more dispatchable, which lowers operating risks to the grid from interconnected large scale wind farms. In order to make full use of the flexibility and controllability of energy storage to improve the schedulability of wind farms, this paper presents a rolling and dispatching control strategy with a battery energy storage system (BESS) based on model predictive control (MPC). The proposed control scheme firstly plans expected output, i.e., dispatching order, of a wind/battery energy storage hybrid system based on the predicted output of the wind farm, then calculates the order in the predictive horizon with the receding horizon optimization and the limitations of energy storage such as state of charge and depth of charge/discharge to maintain the combination of active output of the wind farm and the BESS to track dispatching order at the extreme. The paper shows and analyses the effectiveness of the proposed strategy with different sizes of capacity of the BESS based on the actual output of a certain actual wind farm in the northeast of China. The results show that the proposed strategy that controls the BESS could improve the schedulability of the wind farm and maintain smooth output of wind/battery energy storage hybrid system while tracking the dispatching orders. When the capacity of the BESS is 20% or the rated capacity of the wind farm, the mean dispatching error is only 0.153% of the rated capacity of the wind farm.
Highlights
Wind power technology is the most mature and widespread applied one among new energy power generation technologies
This paper considers the grid requirements and proposes the Model Predictive Control (MPC) for the battery energy storage system (BESS) to improve the schedulability of the wind farm, and compares the effects of two methods of solving for MPC, the Inner Point (IP) method (IP-MPC) and the Quadratic Programming (QP)
This paper aims at improving the schedulability for the wind farm using BESS, i.e., the total active output of the wind/battery energy storage hybrid system (PG ) could trace the dispatch curve
Summary
Wind power technology is the most mature and widespread applied one among new energy power generation technologies. Random output of wind speed lowers the schedulability of active power in a wind farm, which in turn limits the availability of wind energy [2]. With increasing permeability of wind power in the state grid, lower schedulability would increase operational risks, especially wind power curtailment [3,4]. Proven large scale battery energy storage system (BESS) technology and its application in the grid provides a new platform to increase the utilization rate of new energy sources [5,6,7,8,9], to improve the schedulability in a wind farm and to guarantee the availability to the grid of high wind power that can operate safely and steadily [10,11]. Domestic and foreign scholars have studied control strategies for BESS that have the ability of charging and discharging power rapidly to smooth
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