Abstract
To improve the air quality and reduce the human settlement pollution, the effects of initial air pollutant emissions from urban heat and power generation with the diffusion of pollutants were often considered in the energy system dispatch, but the effects of secondary PM2.5 hazards caused by the urban energy system were almost ignored. In the urban integrated heat and power systems (UIHPS), under the support of smart environmental sensing, the introduction of integrated demand response (IDR) between the energy production side and consumer side is an effective means of reducing primary and secondary PM2.5 hazards. As for the diffusion of primary pollutants and the generation of secondary PM2.5 are affected by the uncertainty of weather conditions, a stochastic environmental economic dispatch (SEED) model for UIHPS considering IDR is proposed in this paper. Linearized secondary PM2.5 generation and diffusion functions for UIHPS dispatch are introduced into the objective function. The price-based IDR is performed on the Stackelberg game mechanism, and the game equilibrium solution is transformed as the SEED's constraint set by using the backward induction method. Simulations show that under the partly data supply from smart environmental sensing, the SEED model considering the secondary PM2.5 and IDR can effectively alleviate the comprehensive hazard of PM2.5 under severe haze weather.
Highlights
In recent years, countries have paid more and more attention to atmospheric environmental protection, their air pollution problems are still very serious
A stochastic environmental economic dispatch (SEED) model of urban integrated heat and power systems (UIHPS) considering the effects of integrated demand response (IDR) and secondary PM2.5 is proposed in this paper to mitigate the primary and secondary PM2.5 human health hazards caused by urban energy generation
Smart environmental sensing provides some data support for the UIHPS.The relevant conclusions are as follows: 1) The constructed secondary PM2.5 generation and diffusion function for dispatch can effectively simulate the contribution of UIHPS to the secondary PM2.5 hazard
Summary
Countries have paid more and more attention to atmospheric environmental protection, their air pollution problems are still very serious. Based on the above analysis, this paper proposes a SEED model for UIHPS considering IDR, taking into account the hazard of secondary PM2.5 caused by system initial emissions. IER adjusts according to the RTEP and user cluster energy requirements and preferences provided by ISO, and feeds back IDR load response information (energy consumption information) in this area to reduce its overall cost After repeating this process, when the interests of the two subjects are mutually constrained to reach equilibrium, the RTEP system and the user’s electric heating load guided by the IDR mechanism are determined. Wγ ≤ m − Twχ where FPPM is human settlement pollution cost of primary PM2.5, FSPM is human settlement pollution cost of secondary PM2.5, FS is new energy maintenance cost, FB is ISO energy sales revenue, FP is the energy supply cost of the unit and Fon is the start-stop cost of the unit. pr represents the decision variables of ISO in IDR, d is the decision variables of IER, ε represents the decision variables of total emission, χ and γ are the decision variables of unit operation in the first and second stages respectively, A, b, W , m, T w, y, C, h, g, R are the coefficient or parameter matrices
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