Abstract
PurposeIt was hypothesised that blackcurrant seed oil beneficially modulates metabolic disorders related to obesity and its complications. The study also aimed to investigate the potentially adverse effects of an unbalanced diet on the distal intestine.MethodsMale Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of eight animals each and were fed a basal or obesogenic (high in fat and low in fibre) diet that contained either rapeseed oil (Canola) or blackcurrant seed oil. A two-way analysis of variance was then applied to assess the effects of diet and oil and the interaction between them.ResultsAfter 8 weeks, the obesogenic dietary regimen increased the body weight, altered the plasma lipid profile and increased the liver fat content and the plasma transaminase activities. In addition, the obesogenic diet decreased bacterial glycolytic activity and short-chain fatty acid formation in the distal intestine. Dietary blackcurrant seed oil improved the lipid metabolism by lowering liver fat accumulation and the plasma triglyceride concentration and atherogenicity as well by increasing the plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration. However, in rats fed an obesogenic diet containing blackcurrant seed oil, the plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration was comparable with both rapeseed oil-containing diets, and a significant elevation of the plasma transaminase activities was noted instead.ConclusionsThe obesogenic dietary regimen causes a number of metabolic disorders, including alterations in the hindgut microbial metabolism. Dietary blackcurrant seed oil ameliorates the lipid metabolism; however, the beneficial effect is restricted when it is provided together with the obesogenic diet, and a risk of liver injury may occur.
Highlights
Obesity is one of the most challenging health problems worldwide which leads to the development of many different medical conditions, like cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the metabolic syndrome, on the one hand, and gastrointestinal disorders including colorectal cancer, on the other hand
Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of eight animals each and were fed a basal or obesogenic diet that contained either rapeseed oil (Canola) or blackcurrant seed oil
The obesogenic dietary regimen causes a number of metabolic disorders, including alterations in the hindgut microbial metabolism
Summary
Obesity is one of the most challenging health problems worldwide which leads to the development of many different medical conditions, like cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the metabolic syndrome, on the one hand, and gastrointestinal disorders including colorectal cancer, on the other hand. The exact energy yield of the individual fatty acid is dependent on the chain length and the number of double bonds in the molecule, edible fats that are mixes of different fatty acids have comparable energy density [4]. The beneficial activity of PUFArich oils on CVD and other obesity-related disorders is believed to be associated with specific effects, including those on the blood lipid profile, blood pressure, adipocyte hormones, the inflammatory response and endothelial function along with many others that are both known and as yet undefined [4, 5]
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