Abstract
In the fourth week of fetal life, the primitive intestine is a relatively straight tube with a slight anterior bulge in the central portion. The superior mesenteric artery arising from the posterior wall enters the center of this anterior bulge. During the next 6 weeks, the intestine grows faster than the coelomic cavity, and as a result it is forced to herniate within the umbilical cord (Fig. 17.1a). The intestine enters the umbilical cord at a point corresponding to the duodenojejunal junction and leaves it at a point corresponding to the primary colonic flexure. The cranial part of the herniation, lying cranial to the superior mesenteric artery, corresponds to the jejunum and ileum as distal as the omphalomesenteric duct, while the caudal part to the terminal ileum and colon. After the tenth week, the coelomic cavity has grown sufficiently and the intestine returns in the abdomen.
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