Abstract

Abstract Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a complex wastewater that consists of high concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and insoluble organic solids. Anaerobic digestion has been successfully used in treating POME due to its low cost and ability to produce biogas. Nevertheless, biogas production can be enhanced by increasing the solubility of organic compounds during anaerobic treatment. To improve organic matter solubilization in POME, this study focuses on investigating the applicability of low frequency ultrasonication as a pretreatment to anaerobic digestion. Experiments were statistically designed by central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to examine the impacts of independent variables (i.e., ultrasonication density, ultrasonication time and total solids concentration) on treatment performance in terms of organic matter solubilization and concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed both models to be significant with Prob > F

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