Abstract
The presence of water disinfection by-products (DBPs) in the pool environment is a threat to the health of the users of swimming pools. Due to the mechanism of DBP formation, we are not able to prevent their presence. However, there are several ways to prevent the harmful effects of DBPs on the health of pool users; among these, various kinds of methods that result in the reduction of combined chlorine and DBPs precursors should be mentioned. And last but not least, a new approach to the design of the ventilation system for indoor swimming pools seems to be crucial for the above-mentioned purpose.
Highlights
Pool water disinfection is the last stage of water treatment and is necessary for the protection of pool users against harmful micro-organisms such as bacteria and viruses
The presence of water disinfection by-products (DBPs) in the pool environment is a threat to the health of the users of swimming pools
There are several ways to prevent the harmful effects of DBPs on the health of pool users; among these, various kinds of methods that result in the reduction of combined chlorine and DBPs precursors should be mentioned
Summary
Pool water disinfection is the last stage of water treatment and is necessary for the protection of pool users against harmful micro-organisms such as bacteria and viruses. The weak pre-chloric acid (I) reacts with organic substances, producing chloramines (2)–(4): NH4+ + HClO NH2Cl + H2O + H+ (2). The type of the emerging chloramines depends mainly on the proportion of the concentration between the chlorine concentration and the ammoniacal nitrogen, which results in the dose of chorine and the water’s pH. The water’s pH level is kept within a range of 6.5–7.6 in accordance with the regulation of the Ministry of Health [1]. Such a range promotes the arising of both mono-chloramines and dichloramines. The quantity of water disinfection by-products depends on a few factors; among these, the following shall be listed [2]:
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