Disinfecting of the leachate of solid waste landfills with the application of hydrobiological cleaning

Abstract

Methodological and technical approaches to cleaning of the leachate of the municipal solid waste (MSW) on hydrobiological constructions are offered. The purpose of work was justification of cleaning of drains of MSW by means of community of plants (including natural vegetation of grounds and dumps of MSW). The major factors influencing design solutions of hydrobiological constructions for cleaning of drains of MSW are shown. It is shown that cleaning of drains of MSW requires cleaning in three-stage ponds. On a first stage the shallow ponds no more than 0.5 m in depth for a destruction of organic pollution by means of saprophytic bacteria, utilization of biogenic elements with use of a complex of microalgas and disinfectings of drains due to formation of food chains, and removals of pathogenic bacteria are provided. On a second stage ponds with planting of water vegetation are provided deep-water (not less than 0.5 m). For three-stage cleaning of drains after a second stage as a part of hydrobiological constructions biochannels are provided. The method of calculation of a response time of water at each step of cleaning and the area of a mirror of ponds is presented. Hydraulic loading proceeding from the area of landing of gidromakrofit and a daily consumption of the purified water is calculated. For decrease in an index of BOD before dumping of drains into the superficial reservoirs the special structure of biocanals is provided. Basic elements of biochannels known in biomeliorative practice are presented in article. The technique of definition of a hydraulic radius necessary for calculation of driving of water is given in channels.