Abstract
The study was aimed at verifying how oxidative status varies with age of diabetes mellitus (DM) in sufferers with adequate blood sugar control. Forty-one diabetic otherwise healthy (DOH) volunteers and 57 apparently healthy controls were used and plasma levels of two endogenous antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase, SOD, and catalase, CAT) as well as two markers of oxidative damage (Malondialdehyde, MDA and erythrocyte osmotic fragility, EOF) were determined. Results obtained showed significant decreases in plasma SOD and CAT activities, and significant increases in plasma levels of MDA and EOF as age of disease increases. In addition, there were clear significant differences between the oxidative status of DOH and apparently healthy control subjects of similar chronological (birth) age group. Plasma MDA and EOF as markers of oxidative damage were significantly higher in DOH subjects compared with healthy control subjects of similar age. However, plasma SOD and CAT activities were observed to be significantly lower in DOH subjects compared with healthy control subject of comparable age. It could thus be concluded that diabetes is associated with progressive increase in tissue oxidative damage.
Highlights
The imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the counteracting oxidant defenses, called oxidative stress is closely associated with a number of disease conditions those of cardiovascular and metabolic origin
This study aims to see whether there is any definable pattern in the variation of oxidative status with disease age in sufferers of solitary hypertension with consistently well – controlled blood pressure
Several physiological and pathological events occurs that impact on the overall health status the cumulative effects of several of these physiological events lead to accumulation of free radicals with advancing age with both cover and overt manifestations such as increasing levels of lipid peroxides, alteration in enzyme activities and greater osmotic fragility[30]
Summary
The imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the counteracting oxidant defenses, called oxidative stress is closely associated with a number of disease conditions those of cardiovascular and metabolic origin. Hypertension, a state of sustained elevation of blood pressure beyond 140/90 mmHg, and its complications have a causal relationship with oxidative stress. The generation of reactive (oxygen or nitrogen) species by various enzymatic and non – enzymatic mechanisms is the cause of this stress situation. The destruction or inactivation of the various antioxidant systems may yield an unfavorable oxidative status. Oxidative stress has been defined as excess formation and/or insufficient removal of highly reactive molecules such as reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS or RNS)[1]. The amounts of ROS and RNS in plasma are, in
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