Discussion on structural, optical, thermal, mechanical, dielectric and third-order NLO properties of 3-Nitroanilinium chloride single crystals for optoelectronic applications

C S Juliet Brintha,S E Joema

doi:10.1007/s10854-021-06195-9

Abstract

Preferable, third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) single crystal, 3-Nitroanilinium chloride (3NACL) was auspiciously synthesised by slow evaporation technique. The crystal system of the synthesised 3NACL crystal was triclinic with centrosymmetric space group \({\text{P}}\bar{1}\) was identified by single-crystal XRD studies. All the functional groups present in the sample and its respective vibrations were analysed through FTIR analysis. UV–Vis transmittance spectrum revealed that the synthesised material showed 83% transmittance and its cut-off wavelength was 281 nm. The mechanical stability and thermal property of the grown 3NACL crystals were ascertained by Vickers microhardness analysis and TG/DTA analysis. The intermolecular interaction of the 3NACL was scrutinized by Hirshfeld surface analysis. Dielectric studies revealed that dielectric constant and dielectric loss were high at lower frequency region due to the space charge polarization. Inclusion-free 3NACL crystal was used to analyse the Laser damage threshold (LDT) studies and its calculated LDT value was 4.3 GW/cm2. The third-order NLO parameters (β = 7.5472 × 10–12 m/W, η2 = 5.6931 × 10–19 m2/W, χ3 = 2.9491 × 10–13 esu) of the 3NACL material were statutorily evaluated by Z-scan studies. Here, β and η2 were positive, due to the saturated absorption and self-focusing effect as observed in open and closed aperture z-scan curve. Above all these findings, 3NACL was a suitable material for NLO and optoelectronic applications.

Highlights

Current technological era, experimenters gave high importance to synthesis the new third-order nonlinear optical crystals, because of their applications in the field of optoelectronics and photonics [1].These optical materials become more important because of their multi-mode potential demand of signal process, optical logic gates, optical data storage and photo electronic devices [2, 3]
In the present work we focus to survey the physicochemical properties of 3-Nitroanilinium chloride (3NACL)
As the result we have developed good quality 3NACL single crystal by slow evaporation technique

Summary

Introduction

Experimenters gave high importance to synthesis the new third-order nonlinear optical crystals, because of their applications in the field of optoelectronics and photonics [1].These optical materials become more important because of their multi-mode potential demand of signal process, optical logic gates, optical data storage and photo electronic devices [2, 3]. When comparing to the inorganic crystals, organic crystals are ease to design, light weight, low cost, Low dielectric constant and having exceptional optical and marvellous NLO responses [5,6,7] Both solid and solute state ortho, meta and pare di substituted benzene ring derivatives expressed high nonlinear optical properties [8]. Due to the intramolecular charge transfer, Nitroaniline compounds are exhibit perceptible NLO and optoelectronic effect These substances can be used to laser light, optical computing, high speed data processing and optical telecommunication system [9]. This statement motivates us to grown the organic donor acceptor type Nitroaniline chemical group crystal and to study their unique properties. All findings concluded that, synthesised 3NACL single crystal material is a marvellous candidate for NLO and optoelectronic applications

Results

Discussion

Conclusion