Discussion on blockchain applications in unmanned aerial systems domain

Abstract

A rise in usage of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) in commercial and civilian applications as a result of the recent advancement in manufacturing processes, communications, and networking technology led to the demand for access to non-segregated airspace. The steady development of UAS has created a dynamic environment moving at faster pace than manned aviation. In particular, there is an intense pressure on operations in very low altitudes where market is driven by new business models. Commercial UAS operators are expected to monitor weather, changes in airspace structure, avoid buildings and temporary obstacles, consider potential risks arising from the ground, and maintain separation from manned aviation. On the other hand, authorities are expected to monitor, and control unmanned aerial traffic as well as enforce the airspace rules. To address this arising requirements unmanned traffic management is being developed and deployed in numerous countries, which aims to enable safe and efficient operations of highly automated UAS in automated unmanned traffic management (UTM) system developed on foundations of modern technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet-of-Things, 5G networks while considering the need to address cybersecurity requirements. Among cybersecurity requirements a potential candidate with promising applications is blockchain technology, which is a distributed ledger of immutable records stored in a decentralized database. This paper discusses potential applications of blockchain technology that could support UAS operations and increase security in storing crucial flight data.