Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) generally has no visible brain lesions. However, occult damage of brain tissue has been investigated through magnetization transfer imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In this paper, we discriminate patients with NMO from healthy subjects based on the two-dimensional histogram of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the brain derived from DTI. The correct recognition rate is 89.5%, validated by the leave-one-out method. This result was much higher than that using one feature separately (68.4% for FA, 73.7% for ADC). Eigenimages, which reflect the discriminative pattern of NMO patients from healthy subjects, are also generated. Diffuse damage in brain tissue of NMO is detected from these eigenimages. In conclusion, the information from two-dimensional histogram can discriminate NMO patients from healthy subjects. Moreover, eigenimages can to some extent reflect discriminative regions between NMO patients and normal controls, and these discriminative regions will be useful in understanding the mechanism of NMO.
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