Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a method for discriminating Dendrobium officinale from four of its close relatives Dendrobium chrysanthum, Dendrobium crystallinum, Dendrobium aphyllum and Dendrobium devonianum based on chemical composition analysis. We analyzed 62 samples of 24 Dendrobium species. High performance liquid chromatography analysis confirmed that the four low molecular weight compounds 4',5,7-trihydroxyflavanone (naringenin), 3,4-dihydroxy-4',5-dime-thoxybibenzyl (DDB-2), 3',4-dihydroxy-3,5'-dimethoxybibenzyl (gigantol), and 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3',5-trimethoxybibenzy (moscatilin), were common in the genus. The phenol-sulfuric acid method was used to quantify polysaccharides, and the monosaccharide composition of the polysaccharides was determined by gas chromatography. Stepwise discriminant analysis was used to differentiate among the five closely related species based on the chemical composition analysis. This proved to be a simple and accurate approach for discriminating among these species. The results also showed that the polysaccharide content, the amounts of the four low molecular weight compounds, and the mannose to glucose ratio, were important factors for species discriminant. Therefore, we propose that a chemical analysis based on quantification of naringenin, bibenzyl, and polysaccharides is effective for identifying D. officinale.
Highlights
The aim of this study was to establish a method for discriminating Dendrobium officinale from four of its close relatives Dendrobium chrysanthum, Dendrobium crystallinum, Dendrobium aphyllum and Dendrobium devonianum based on chemical composition analysis
The results of discriminant analysis demonstrated the discriminatory power of four low molecular weight compounds for identification of D. officinale
Our results showing the wide distribution of moscatilin and giganol in Dendrobium as major bibenzyl constituents were similar to those of Yang and colleagues [8]
Summary
The aim of this study was to establish a method for discriminating Dendrobium officinale from four of its close relatives Dendrobium chrysanthum, Dendrobium crystallinum, Dendrobium aphyllum and Dendrobium devonianum based on chemical composition analysis. Stepwise discriminant analysis was used to differentiate among the five closely related species based on the chemical composition analysis. D. officinale and its closely related species, such as Dendrobium aphyllum and Dendrobium crystallinum, could not be separated solely by their polysaccharide content and monosaccharide composition [7]. Phytochemical analyses of D. officinale have shown that it contains a wide variety of low molecular weight compounds including bibenzyls, phenanthrenes, and flavanones [11,12]. These have not been used to identify D. officinale, or for quality control of Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis
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