Discrimination of Sleep Spindles in Ear-EEG.

Abstract

Sleep spindles are brief oscillatory events observed in EEG measurements during sleep, related to both sleep staging and basic neuroscience. The objective of this study was to investigate to which extent sleep spindles are observable from ear-EEG. The analysis was based on single-night recordings from 12 subjects, wearing both a polysomnography setup and two light-weight mobile EEG devices (ear-EEG). By introducing a sleep spindle index capable of discriminating between epochs with distinct spindles and distinctly spindle-free epochs, we describe to which extent the most clear cut sleep spindles (as labeled using scalp EEG) can be detected using ear-EEG. We find that ear-EEG can be used to detect sleep spindles, at a performance level similar to scalp derivations. We speculate that part of the observed discrepancy between ear-EEG and the gold standard (scalp EEG) could be caused by the visibility of different spindles in the ear-EEG.