Discrimination and mental health among lesbian, gay and bisexual adults

Abstract

IntroductionMental health care is indispensable, has an essential role in development, but mental health issues are a major public health concern worldwide. Sexual minorities, lesbian, gay and bisexual, suffer from prejudice and it determines health inequities, especially for their mental health.ObjectiveTo show the relation between discrimination and mental health issues in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people and to increase understanding of this serious neglected public health problem.MethodsThe search was conducted using Science Direct and Scopus, using the following keywords: “discrimination” and “mental health” and “lesbian” and “gay” and “bisexual”. Using the review of literature, documents in English (articles, official documents, editorial, reviews, clinical trials).DiscussionNumerous studies have identified highest risk behavior, as illicit drug use, sexual risk-taking behaviors and mental health issues among LGB people. Some previous studies propose that health and risk disparities between heterosexual and LGB identifying or behaving people are due to minority stress–that is, that the stigma, discrimination, and violence experienced, leading to stress, thus predisposing illness, disease (worse mental and physical health outcomes) and potentially substance use, which may be used to relieve or escape stress.ConclusionHealth professionals and healthcare organizations must cover these unmet mental health needs if they move to more integrated, coordinated models of care. Health educators should attend to the unique needs of each sexual orientation group when presenting sexual health information and health care providers should undergo diversity and sensitivity training to work more effectively with those groups.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.