Abstract
Fungi are a source of novel phytotoxic compounds to be explored in the search for effective and environmentally safe herbicides. The genetic inactivation of the biosynthetic pathway of the new phytotoxin cichorine has led to the isolation of three novel phytotoxins from the fungus Aspergillus nidulans: 8-methoxycichorine (4), 8-epi-methoxycichorine (5), and N-(4’-carboxybutyl) cichorine (6). The structure of the new compounds was clearly determined by a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis and high-resolution electrospray ionization (HRESIMS). The phytotoxic bioassay was studied on leaves from Zea mays and Medicago polymorpha L. at the concentration of 5 × 10−3 M by using a moist chamber technique. Novel phytotoxins 8-methoxycichorine (4), 8-epi-methoxycichorine (5), and N-(4’-carboxybutyl) cichorine (6) exhibited a better phytotoxic effect than cichorine.
Highlights
Herbicides have been used widely in the field of agriculture to kill weed pests and increase crop yield production
Cichorine is a novel phytotoxin active against knapweed, corn, and soybeans. It was discovered from several fungi including A. nidulans and Alternaria cichorii, which produces foliar blight in the Molecules 2019, 24, 515; doi:10.3390/molecules24030515
It was discovered from several fungi including A. nidulans and Alternaria cichorii, which produces foliar blight in the important pest Russian knapweed
Summary
Herbicides have been used widely in the field of agriculture to kill weed pests and increase crop yield production. Cichorine is a novel phytotoxin active against knapweed, corn, and soybeans It was discovered from several fungi including A. nidulans and Alternaria cichorii, which produces foliar blight in the important pest Russian knapweed. Cichorineisoindolin-1-one produced by this lead compound for herbicide its Interestingly, compact, functionalized framework attractive in theinteresting field of drugcompounds, discovery [15] It is of highly important pathway could is beextremely the precursor to other asTherefore, the deletion. In order to isolate and identify the cichorine derivatives, production of the NRPS peptide aspercryptin This provides us with a powerful platform to discover we selected the engineered A. nidulans LO8030, in which the gene clusters responsible for the new analogues of cichorine with good herbicide activity. We report the isolation, purification, structure determination, and biological assay of the isolate compounds by pathway inactivation
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