Abstract
A total of 14 species in seven tingid genera have been described from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Kachin) amber from northern Myanmar, with very distinct paleofauna. Here, a new species of a new genus, Burmavianaida anomalocapitata gen. et sp. nov., is described from Kachin amber. This new species can be readily distinguished from the other described tingid taxa by the apparently smaller body and the structures of the pronotum and hemelytron. Burmavianaida gen. nov. shares the diagnostic characters with two clades composed of three extant subfamilies (Cantacaderinae + Tinginae) and Vianaidinae and may represent an extinct clade distinct from them. To the best of our knowledge, B. anomalocapitata sp. nov. is the smallest species of Tingidae among over 2600 described species. Our new finding supports the hypothesis of the miniaturization phenomenon of insects in Kachin amber, as suggested by previous studies.
Highlights
Adolfo Cordero-RiveraMembers of the phytophagous true bug family Tingidae Laporte, 1832 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) are generally called lace bugs because of the distinct lacelike network of areolae adorning the pronotum and hemelytron
In comparison with the extant three subfamilies of Tingidae (i.e., Cantacaderinae, Tinginae, and Vianaidinae), Burmavianaida gen. nov. resembles in general habitus and shares the following diagnostic characters with Vianaidinae [1]: antennal segment II longer than segment I, subequal in length to segment III (Figure 2A); scutellum well-developed, exposed (Figures 2C and 3A); hemelytron with membranous surface on sutural area
Burmavianaida gen. nov. does not match with the following diagnostic characters of the clade Tinginae + Cantacaderinae [1]: antennal segment II subequal in length to or shorter than segment I, shorter than segment III; scutellum undeveloped, often obscured by posterior process; hemelytron without membranous surface on sutural area
Summary
Members of the phytophagous true bug family Tingidae Laporte, 1832 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) are generally called lace bugs because of the distinct lacelike network of areolae adorning the pronotum and hemelytron. They are distributed across all zoogeographical regions and are diverse in tropical areas, with approximately. Lace bugs are generally small insects, with body lengths ranging from approximately 2.0 to. Fossil lace bugs have been primarily described based on amber inclusions, not based on compression fossils, possibly due to their small and fragile bodies. The earliest fossil has been described from the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland [5], but the family placement of this fossil is doubtful [1]. As there is no fossil record from the Jurassic, the occurrence of this Triassic fossil should be carefully re-evaluated in future
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