DISCOVERY OF THE SIMILARITY OF PLANNING AND DECORATION OF URBAN BUILDING IN UKRAINE AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Abstract

Ancient construction and artistic decoration of buildings in European countries as well as in Ukraine have similarities in styles, construction and decoration materials. The planning principles of urban development in Europe and Ukraine have similar roots in the styles dating back to the times of ancient Greece and Rome, which have been well preserved to our time. These styles of classicism and Gothic, baroque and renaissance perfectly harmoniously combine with each other and are complemented by modern buildings. Studying the architecture of the EU countries, we can state that Ukraine is an integral part of Europe. However, Ukraine unfortunately did not take proper care of architectural monuments. You can also add the destruction of thousands of buildings in Ukraine during the Second World War, which were not properly restored. Many buildings were completely destroyed, while others are still in an unsatisfactory condition. The policy of the Soviet Union was built on the principles of labor classism, where any identification with the bourgeoisie (which included private cottages, palaces, cathedrals, etc.) was cruelly rejected and forbidden. Most of the Temples were destroyed by the Soviet authorities, most of the palaces were rebuilt and lost their original beauty. As an example, we can cite the Shariv castle in the Kharkiv region, an architectural masterpiece that was transformed into a tuberculosis dispensary during the Soviet regime, and in the church of the Gamalivsk women's monastery in Shostka, Sumy region, a correctional colony was made, which is still an active colony (Fig. 6) and such Unfortunately, we have a lot of examples. The ancient buildings of the EU countries are protected and restored to preserve the historical style, buildings made of stone or brick are supplemented with modern materials, such as glass and metal structures. During the war with the Russian Federation, many buildings and architectural monuments were destroyed in Ukraine. Now the region needs to develop a unified strategy for the restoration of our state, including rebuilding buildings and structures that have historical and cultural value, form the principle of reproducing the architecture of our cities in accordance with the styles that were used in ancient times. In order to preserve historical objects, it is necessary to have a monument protection policy at the state level, state programs for the protection of cultural heritage, and to ensure the work of the relevant monument protection services. The main idea of the "Recommendations on the Preservation and Modern Role of Historical Ensembles" boils down to ensuring comprehensive protection of objects of historical and cultural and especially architectural heritage. Keywords: architecture, European buildings, classicism, gothic, modern, Ukrainian buildings, reconstruction of buildings, restoration of post-war Ukraine.