Abstract
Spanish bunch groundnut varieties occupy most of the cultivated area in Asia and Africa, and these varieties lack required 2-3 weeks of fresh seed dormancy (FSD) hampering kernel quality. Genomic breeding can help to improve commercial groundnut cultivars for FSD in a shorter time with greater precision. In this regard, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from the cross ICGV 02266 (non-dormant) × ICGV 97045 (dormant) was developed and genotyped with a 5 K mid-density genotyping assay. A linkage map was constructed with 325 SNP loci spanning a total map length of 2335.3 cM and five major QTLs were identified on chromosomes Ah01, Ah11, Ah06, Ah16 and Ah17. Based on differential gene expression using transcriptomic information from dormant (Tifrunner) and non-dormant (ICGV 91114) genotypes, histone deacetylases, histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, cytochrome P450, protein kinases, and ethylene-responsive transcription factor were identified as key regulators involved in the hormonal regulation of dormancy. Six Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers were successfully validated in the diverse panel including selected RILs of the same population and germplasm lines. These validated KASP markers could facilitate faster breeding of new varieties with desired dormancy using marker-assisted early generation selection.
Highlights
Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a widely grown oilseed crop, that belongs to the family of Leguminosae or Fabaceae
A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population comprising of 160 F7:8 lines was developed by using the single seed descent method from the cross ICGV 02266 × ICGV 97045 at ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad (Figure 1)
ICGV 97045 is a dormant, Virginia variety and has up to 15 days of dormancy, so it is used as donor parent to develop the RIL population
Summary
Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a widely grown oilseed crop, that belongs to the family of Leguminosae or Fabaceae It is known for its diversified uses, such as cooking oil, food, confectionary, and dietary uses for human consumption, as well as fodder for livestock [1]. Upon erratic rainfall prior to harvesting the crop, seeds of Spanish genotypes tend to germinate in pods inside the soil, leading to reduced yield and hampered quality. These pre-germinated seeds are prone to pathogen infection and contamination, which reduces their market price, resulting in economic losses to the farmers. Though foliar application of growth inhibitors like maleic hydrazide has been known to induce dormancy in Spanish types [7], it is not a cost-effective approach, especially for rainfed cultivation
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