Abstract
The well-preserved bivalved microfossils collected from the Lower Cambrian limestone at theXiaoyang section in Zhenba, Shaanxi, have proved the oldest known radiolarians by meansof the electron probing analysis and morphological study under the electron scanning miroscopeand the observation of the thin section. The present discovery has shaken the theory thatThaeodaria originated from Spumellaria. Unlike the Mesozoic and Cenozoic radiolarians that areplanktonic, the Cambrian ones lived as benthos. On the basis of the chemical composition andmorphological features of these radiolarians a new genus Eoconcharium and a new family Eocon-chariidae are erected.
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