Abstract
Biofilms are surface-attached multicellular communities that play critical roles in inducing biofouling and biocorrosion in the marine environment. Given the serious economic losses and problems caused by biofouling and biocorrosion, effective biofilm control strategies are highly sought after. In a screening program of antibiofilm compounds against marine biofilms, we discovered the potent biofilm inhibitory activity of elasnin. Elasnin effectively inhibited the biofilm formation of seven strains of bacteria isolated from marine biofilms. With high productivity, elasnin-based coatings were prepared in an easy and cost-effective way, which exhibited great performance in inhibiting the formation of multi-species biofilms and the attachment of large biofouling organisms in the marine environment. The 16S amplicon analysis and anti-larvae assay revealed that elasnin could prevent biofouling by the indirect impact of changed microbial composition of biofilms and direct inhibitory effect on larval settlement with low toxic effects. These findings indicated the potential application of elasnin in biofilm and biofouling control in the marine environment.
Highlights
A biofilm is a microbial community attached to a surface [1]
We used bacteria isolated from marine biofilms to screen for the antibiofilm compounds that targeted the marine biofilms, which led to the discovery of the antibiofilm activity of elasnin
Elasnin-based coatings were prepared with simple and costeffective methods, and its efficiency against multi-species biofilms was tested in the natural marine environment
Summary
A biofilm is a microbial community attached to a surface [1]. It consists of microbial cells massed in the matrix of extracellular polymeric substances, which contain a large variety of biopolymers such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other substances [2].Biofilms can be made up of a single microbial species or multiple species that colonize biotic or abiotic surfaces [3,4]. A biofilm is a microbial community attached to a surface [1]. It consists of microbial cells massed in the matrix of extracellular polymeric substances, which contain a large variety of biopolymers such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other substances [2]. The elaborate biofilm architecture protects the microbes in biofilms and provides spatial proximity and internal homeostasis needed for growth and differentiation [3,4,5]. This composition makes microbial cells more resistant than their planktonic counterparts to diverse external insults such as antimicrobial treatment, poisons, protozoans, and host immunity [6,7].
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