Discovery and Extrolite Production of Three New Species of Talaromyces Belonging to Sections Helici and Purpurei from Freshwater in Korea.

Thuong T T Nguyen,Hyo Jin Lim,Jens Christian Frisvad,Hyang Burm Lee,Paul M Kirk

doi:10.3390/jof7090722

Abstract

Three novel fungal species, Talaromyces gwangjuensis, T. koreana, and T. teleomorpha were found in Korea during an investigation of fungi in freshwater. The new species are described here using morphological characters, a multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of the ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB2 regions, and extrolite data. Talaromyces gwangjuensis is characterized by restricted growth on CYA, YES, monoverticillate and biverticillate conidiophores, and globose smooth-walled conidia. Talaromyces koreana is characterized by fast growth on MEA, biverticillate conidiophores, or sometimes with additional branches and the production of acid on CREA. Talaromyces teleomorpha is characterized by producing creamish-white or yellow ascomata on OA and MEA, restricted growth on CREA, and no asexual morph observed in the culture. A phylogenetic analysis of the ITS, BenA, CaM, and RPB2 sequences showed that the three new taxa form distinct monophyletic clades. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and phylogenetic trees are provided.

Highlights

The genus Talaromyces was established by Benjamin (1955) [1] for a teleomorph of Penicillium with Talaromyces vermiculatus (=T. flavus) as the type species
The concatenated alignment consisted of 2407 characters: 425, 443, 687, and 852 characters used in the ITS, BenA, CaM, and RPB2, respectively
A small clade containing T. brunneosporus highlighted by asterisk could not be assigned to any known sections (Figure 1)

Summary

Introduction

The genus Talaromyces was established by Benjamin (1955) [1] for a teleomorph of Penicillium with Talaromyces vermiculatus (=T. flavus) as the type species. These species are characterized by cleistothecial or gymnothecial ascomata, unitunicate eight-spored asci, and unicellular ascospores with or without equatorial crests. On the basis of multigene phylogeny, morphology, and physiology, Yilmaz et al [3] placed 88 accepted species in seven well-defined sections, namely, Bacillispori, Helici, Islandici, Purpurei, Subinflati, Talaromyces, and Trachyspermi. A new section Tenues was proposed [26]

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