Abstract
This report details the development of a non-invasive in vitro assay system for investigating the functional maturation and performance of human skeletal myotubes. Data is presented demonstrating the survival and differentiation of human myotubes on microscale silicon cantilevers in a defined, serum-free system. These cultures can be stimulated electrically and the resulting contraction quantified using modified atomic force microscopy technology. This system provides a higher degree of sensitivity for investigating contractile waveforms than video-based analysis, and represents the first system capable of measuring the contractile activity of individual human muscle myotubes in a reliable, high-throughput and non-invasive manner. The development of such a technique is critical for the advancement of body-on-a-chip platforms toward application in pre-clinical drug development screens.
Highlights
The cell cycle is a fundamental biological process that is tightly regulated by the activity of a series of kinases termed the CyclinDependent Kinases (CDKs)
The cell cycle proceeds through various checkpoints each of which is regulated by the activity of CDKs that are in turn, regulated by signalling pathways either promoting or inhibiting cell (Chiarle et al, 2001)
It was found that when oocytes previously arrested in the prophase of the cell cycle, were injected with CDK1, this caused their entry into metaphase, a process known to be associated with protein phosphorylation (Meijer and Guerrier, 1984; Labbé et al, 1989)
Summary
The cell cycle is a fundamental biological process that is tightly regulated by the activity of a series of kinases termed the CyclinDependent Kinases (CDKs). It was found that when oocytes previously arrested in the prophase of the cell cycle, were injected with CDK1, this caused their entry into metaphase, a process known to be associated with protein phosphorylation (Meijer and Guerrier, 1984; Labbé et al, 1989) This observation, that the activity of CDK1, in. It is unusual in that it exhibits kinase activity only when bound to non-cyclin activators CDK5R1 and CDK5R2 structural studies on these proteins have shown structural similarity with the cyclins (Cheung and Ip, 2012) These observations that CDK5, a kinase that is inhibited by Roscovitine broaden the therapeutic applications of the compound further beyond the less well documented areas of proliferative disease and virology. The discovery of role of the CDKs 7 and 9 in the control of gene transcription opened up new possibilities for roscovitine in new therapeutic areas, most importantly in virology where the importance of their activity has been recognised in the replication of Herpes Simplex Virus, Human Imunodeficiency Virus and Human Cytomegalovirus (Boeing et al, 2010; Durand and Roizman, 2008; Schang et al, 1998; Yang et al, 1997)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
