Abstract
AbstractThis chapter covers the history of phonology starting with Jan Baudouin de Courtenay and Mikołai Kruszewsky (the Kazan School), followed by the impact of Ferdinand de Saussure’s structuralist ideas, which lead to the Prague School (N. S. Trubetzkoy, Nicolai van Wijk, Roman Jakobson). Subsequently, it covers Louis Hjelmslev’s glossematic theory, the London School (the prosodic analysis of J. R. Firth), and various American structuralists (Franz Boas, Edward Sapir, Leonard Bloomfield). Roman Jacobson reappears as the crucial link between the Prague School and generative phonology. Only brief remarks are made about current developments of this model. Developments in Western and Eastern Europe are also discussed. Throughout the chapter the goal is to highlight continuity and parallels between different a- and co-temporal models. The comparative remarks focus on such issues as the phonetic content of phonological units, the nature of phonological primes/features, phonological levels, rule ordering, whether phonology is different from morphosyntax, and how phonology relates to morphosyntax (“autonomy,” “interfaces”).
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