Abstract
In this manuscript we present a model of disaster intelligence as an aspirational model for emergency and disaster management in Western contexts. We reinforce this conceptualization with a heuristic for all-hazards disaster communications, in which traditional/local and social media forms of disaster communications are seen as supplements to official disaster communications. It is important, therefore, to enhance our disaster data capabilities by automating the processing of social media disaster data that are not presently being fully exploited. Hilhorst’s (2004) social domains heuristic is proposed as a way to represent the competing interests and understanding of disaster science and management, disaster governance, and local participants and vulnerable populations, respectively. We then present a series of empirical incidents of disaster communication failure that illustrate breakdowns among competing perspectives from the three social domains. In conclusion, we offer recommendations for practice and scholarship to advance disaster communication and disaster intelligence capabilities in both Western and developing contexts.
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