Disabling of the oculomotor neural integrator by kainic acid injections in the prepositus-vestibular complex of the cat.

Abstract

1. This study was intended to test the candidature of the prepositus-vestibular nuclear complex for being the location of the oculomotor neural integrator (Robinson's integrator). 2. Microinjections of kainic acid (2 micrograms dissolved in 1 microliter) were made in awake cats. Injection sites were located either in the prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (p.h.), the medial vestibular nucleus (m.v.n.), the medial longitudinal fasciculus (m.l.f.) or in the magnocellular tegmental field of the reticular formation. 3. Theory predicts that a complete disabling of the neural integrator will cause (a) an exponential post-saccadic drift whose time constant will be 0.16 s in the dark (b) a phase lead of +93 deg as the vestibulo-ocular reflex is tested at 0.10 Hz in the dark and (c) a nearly complete abolition of the optokinetic nystagmus (o.k.n.). 4. About 1 h after a unilateral kainic acid injection in the p.h., we observed (a) a large bilateral post-saccadic drift (time constant sometimes as low as 0.2 s) (b) a large phase lead at 0.10 Hz (range: from +69 to +98 deg) (c) an abolition of the o.k.n. control injection of phosphate buffer in the p.h. did not produce any deficit. 5. A unilateral kainic acid injection in the m.v.n. induced a nystagmus followed by signs of bilateral failure of the neural integrator similar to those observed after kainic acid injection in the p.h. 6. Injection near the mid-line, between the two p.h. nuclei, induced a defect of the neural integrator less than that observed after kainic acid injection in either the p.h. or the m.v.n. Injection of kainic acid in the magnocellular tegmental field of the reticular formation did not produce any sign of failure of the neural integrator. No post-saccadic drift was observed. 7. We have concluded that (a) the p.h. nucleus is involved in the integration processing, and that (b) the m.v.n. is involved either in the integration processing or in the relaying of the output of the neural integrator to the oculomotoneurones.