Disability pension due to common mental disorders and healthcare use before and after policy changes; a nationwide study.

Abstract

Background: Despite common mental disorders (CMDs) being a main reason for preterm exit from the labour market, there is limited knowledge regarding healthcare use around the time of being granted disability pension (DP) due to CMD. The aim was to study specialized healthcare use before and after being granted DP due to CMD and whether these trajectories differed before and after changes in DP granting criteria in Sweden in 2008. Methods: Included individuals lived in Sweden, aged 19–64 years with incident DP due to CMD before (wave 1, 2005–06, n = 24 298) or after (wave 2, 2009–10, n = 4056) the changes in 2008. Healthcare trajectories during a 7-year window were assessed by generalized estimating equations. Between- and within-wave differences were examined by interaction models. Results: Psychiatric healthcare increased until the year preceding DP and declined thereafter, with one exception; such outpatient care kept increasing in wave 1 following DP. In the year preceding DP, 4.6 and 19.2% of the individuals in wave 1 had psychiatric in- and specialized outpatient care, respectively, compared with 7.9 and 46.6% in wave 2. No clear pattern was observed regarding somatic healthcare. The slopes of the different DP waves differed mainly during DP granting years (1 year prior to 1 year after), showing a sharper decline in wave 2. Conclusion: Transition to DP due to CMD seems to be associated with changes in psychiatric healthcare use, with higher rates in the year preceding DP. Outpatient healthcare patterns somewhat differed among those granted DP after stricter rules were introduced.