Disability, health-related quality of life, and self-concept change in people with multiple sclerosis: A moderated mediation

Abstract

BackgroundDisability is a key factor related to self-concept change following a Multiple Sclerosis (MS) diagnosis. Psychosocial factors (e.g., social integration, marital support) are also associated with changing self-concept in people with MS (pwMS). What remains unclear however, is whether psychosocial factors account for the relationship between disability and self-concept change. The current study aimed to investigate the potential mediation effect of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) on the relationship between disability and self-concept change in pwMS, and whether relationship satisfaction is a moderator of the mediated relationship. MethodNine hundred and ninety-five pwMS (79.5 % female; Age M = 59.72 years, SD = 11.15) completed measures of disability, HRQoL, and self-concept change. Of these participants, seven hundred and twenty-six pwMS who indicated they were currently in a relationship also completed a measure of relationship satisfaction. ResultsA moderated mediation (conditional process) analysis indicated that the relationship between disability and self-concept change was partially mediated by HRQoL. A further parallel mediation found that across the eight subdomains of HRQoL, only participants’ reported levels of ‘relationships’ and ‘coping’ significantly mediated the relationship between disability and self-concept change. However, for those participants in a relationship, relationship satisfaction did not moderate any mediation effects. ConclusionThe findings highlight the role that perceptions of HRQoL in some domains may have in explaining the relationship between disability and self-concept change. Further research is needed to explicate the causal direction of these relationships through longitudinal studies.