Abstract
The directional solidification has been carried out for Al-9, 12Bi, and Al-3.4Bi-2.5Si (wt pct) alloys in a Bridgman apparatus with a transversal magnetic field. The microstructure of the alloy samples solidified at different melt superheat (MS) temperatures and magnetic field strengths has been observed. It was indicated that the average size of the Bi-rich spheres and the primary dendrite spacing decrease with the increase of the melt superheat (MS) temperature. The effect of the MS treatment on the interface morphology and the interaction between the spheres and the solidification interface has been discussed for the immiscible alloys. Moreover, the influence of the transverse magnetic field on the solidification microstructure was analyzed. The larger the magnetic field strength, the smaller is the average size of the spheres. The effects of the magnetic field on the spheres' nucleation, the spatial movement, and the collision between the spheres were discussed. The application of the magnetic field results in the formation of the sphere-aligned structure even for the hypermonotectic alloys, and the formation mechanism has been explained in this article.
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