Abstract
If an anisotropic local atomic configuration is produced in some way or other, the magnetization is stabilized in a direction related to this anisotropy, causing an additional uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. This kind of an anisotropy in the atomic configuration is called a directional ordering. This may be an anisotropic distribution of constituent atoms in substitutional ferromagnetic alloys, of interstitial atoms in a body centered cubic lattice, or of different atoms or ions on the B sites of mixed ferrites, etc. A brief explanation of the phenomena is given in each case. Also because of the coupling between the atomic arrangement and the direction of the magnetization, a relaxation phenomenon may be observed in the magnetization process which depends on the diffusion of atoms. The magnetic aftereffect arising from a small amount of carbon in α-iron is explained in detail.
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