Directional link attenuation in millimeter-wave range based on empirical model modification

Abstract

The upcoming fifth and next generation mobile phone systems will use not only the frequencybands of sub-6 GHz but also the millimeter-wave and terahertz bands. From a practical viewpoint,this approach requires the use of directional antennas or beamforming systems. To ensure greaterenergy efficiency of the wireless link, the radio beams on the transmitting and receiving sides shouldbe aligned ones. Path loss models are commonly used for designing the radio communication systemsand networks. However, in the literature, there are no adequate methods of attenuation modellingavailable for the cases of misalignment of antenna beams. In this paper, a method of modifying the pathloss model, based on a multi-elliptical propagation model, is proposed. For this purpose, dedicatedsoftware was developed in the MATLAB environment, which was used to conduct simulation tests.In the remainder of the paper, exemplary results of the adaptation of empirical path loss models inthe range of millime-ter-waves are presented, which were obtained using the developed program.Keywords: wireless communication, radio wave propagation, path loss models, multi-ellipticalpropagation model, directional antennas, directional radio link, millimeter waves, 5G systems,simulation studies